The Fifth Commandment says, “Thou shalt not murder.” The key word here is murder. Sometimes, in fact, usually, this commandment is translated as, “Thou shalt not kill.” There is a difference between murder and between killing. The difference is in the motive a person has for killing.
Murder is killing from a motive of hate. This is never justifiable. Nor is it justifiable to hate at all. Swedenborg writes,
In a broader sense by murders are meant enmity, hatred, and revenge, which breathe out destruction; for murder lies concealed within them like fire in wood under ashes. Hellish fire is nothing else; hence one is said to be inflamed with hatred, and to burn with revenge (True Christian Religion #309).
Swedenborg supports this claim with the words of Jesus found in Matthew 5:21, 22:
You have heard that it was said to the people long ago, “Do not murder, and anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.” But I tell you that anyone who is angry with his brother will be subject to judgment.
While murder is never justified, killing in self-defense or in defense of one’s country can be justified. When a nation is threatened by another nation the threatened nation must try to resolve the conflict peacefully. Every peaceful way to resolve the problem must be pursued first. Some peaceful ways of resolving conflict are negotiation, economic sanctions, and resolutions from the United Nations. If the other nation still threatens, and refuses to come to terms peacefully, then there is no other alternative than war. And war involves killing. In defense of one’s country, as in self-defense, killing in war can be justified.
We need to protect ourselves, just as a nation needs to protect itself with an army. There are times when we need to act to prevent someone from harming us. In its most severe form, we may need to defend ourselves physically against assault. Killing in self-defense is justified if there is no other way out. We also may need to protect ourselves psychologically against emotional threats. We need to set boundaries and not to let people get away with hurtful words and behaviors. Sometimes we need to confront others, or to bring in superiors like teachers, or counselors. But after the threat has been removed, we need to be able to forgive others. It only hurts us when we burn with revenge against someone, and when we dwell on our anger and hatred for others. This is unhealthy psychologically, and it is a violation of the fifth Commandment against murder. We need to be able to forgive.
I am upset to watch so many movies that use revenge as a justification for violence. So many movies show someone’s beloved or their friend hurt or killed, and then the hero of the movie resorts to violence our of revenge. The ancient philosophers called Stoics called the lust for revenge the worst passion of the human spirit. Violence from a motive of revenge is not justified. The lust for revenge is a form of hatred and killing from a motive of revenge is murder.
Jesus says, “Blessed are the peacemakers” (Matthew 5:9). In every aspect of our lives, we need to strive for peace. Spread love and tolerance in every aspect of your life. Love, forgive, and seek peace. These are truly Godly qualities. The peacemakers are children of God.